Integration of chatbots with Knowledge Graphs in eGovernment: The case of Getting a Passport

Abstract

An important goal of electronic government initiatives worldwide is to provide citizens with personalized information about public services. Chatbots and knowledge graphs are emerging technologies that are potentially suitable for that purpose however, their use is not thoroughly researched. The aim of this paper is to investigate the integration of chatbots with knowledge graphs (KG) from both a technical and a public administration view. For this purpose, we develop a proof-of-concept chatbot-KG integration using Getting a passport public service. Specifically, we construct a new knowledge graph schema, devise a technical architecture, and implement a prototype. In addition, the chatbot-KG integration is evaluated using TAM and SUS based questionnaires to obtain feedback on ease of use, usefulness and usability. We conclude that the chatbot-KG integration is technically feasible and provides potential benefits to citizens.